Add
\setbeamertemplate{footline}%{miniframes theme}
{%
\begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{upper separation line foot}
\end{beamercolorbox}
\begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=.3cm plus1fil]{author in head/foot}%
\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor}%
\hfill%
{\usebeamerfont{institute in head/foot}\usebeamercolor[fg]{institute in head/foot}\insertshortinstitute}%
\end{beamercolorbox}%
\begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}%
{\usebeamerfont{title in head/foot}\insertshorttitle} \hfill \insertframenumber%
\end{beamercolorbox}%
\begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}
\end{beamercolorbox}
}
after \usetheme{Dresden}
. This will add a framenumber like so:
It's simply another modification to the theme. Those themes can be found in the beamer directory in the texmf-tree. Function of the beamer specific macros is documented in the beamer documentation.
Complete Code:
\documentclass{beamer}
\usetheme{Dresden}
\title[title]{long title}
\institute[inst]{long inst}
\setbeamertemplate{footline}%{miniframes theme}
{%
\begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{upper separation line foot}
\end{beamercolorbox}
\begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=.3cm plus1fil]{author in head/foot}%
\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor}%
\hfill%
{\usebeamerfont{institute in head/foot}\usebeamercolor[fg]{institute in head/foot}\insertshortinstitute}%
\end{beamercolorbox}%
\begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,%
leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}%
{\usebeamerfont{title in head/foot}\insertshorttitle} \hfill \insertframenumber%
\end{beamercolorbox}%
\begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}
\end{beamercolorbox}
}
\begin{document}
\frame{1}
\end{document}