Changing the suffix according to the figure number

Question

In Turkish (and possibly in other similar languages), there are suffixes that change corresponding to the word they are applied. This also holds for the numbers.

For example,

in Figure \ref{fig1}

is written in Turkish as follows:

Şekil \ref{fig1}'de

The problem here is that the suffix "de" should change according to the number rendered before it. It should be like

1'de, 2'de, 3'te, 4'te, 5'te, 6'da, ..., 60'ta, ..., 70'te, ...

I don't like to check the suffixes manually after finishing the paper. This also happens for the other cross-references like equations.

How can I do this in LaTeX?

Edit: I'm adding the complete rule as @egreg asks. The determining numbers are as follows:

0'da
1'de
2'de
3'te
4'te
5'te
6'da
7'de
8'de
9'da
10'da
20'de
30'da
40'da
50'de
60'ta
70'te
80'de
90'da
100'de
1000'de
1000000'da
1000000000'da

For all the others, the number at the end determines the suffix if it is non-zero. For example

1234'te  (4'te)
303'te (3'te)

But, if there's a zero at the end and the number is not zero, then the right-most non-zero digit determines the result:

230'da (30'da)
200'de (100'de)
4000'de (1000'de)
40000'de (1000'de)
400000'de (1000'de)
4000000'da (1000000'da)

The suffix is determined by the last read word. For example 40000 is read as "kırk bin" and it becomes "40000'de". It is the same as "1000'de" which is read as "binde".

Answer 1

This is a possible implementation using LaTeX3:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[turkish]{babel}
\usepackage{refcount}
\usepackage{xparse}

\usepackage{multicol} % only needed for the test

\ExplSyntaxOn
\NewDocumentCommand{\turkishref}{sm}
 {
  \IfBooleanTF{#1}{\ref*{#2}}{\ref{#2}}
  \turksuf_suffix_get:n { #2 }
 }

\seq_new:N \l__turksuf_ref_seq
\tl_new:N \l__turksuf_ref_tl
\cs_new_protected:Npn \turksuf_suffix_get:n #1
 {
  \seq_set_split:Nnx \l__turksuf_ref_seq { . } { \getrefnumber { #1 } }
  \seq_pop_right:NN \l__turksuf_ref_seq \l__turksuf_ref_tl
  \turksuf_suffix:V \l__turksuf_ref_tl
 }
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \seq_set_split:Nnn { Nnx }

\NewDocumentCommand{\turkishsuffix}{m}
 {
  \turksuf_suffix:n { #1 }
 }

\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_suffix:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { #1 == 0 } { 'da } { \turksuf_nonzero:n { #1 } }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_nonzero:n #1
 {
  \int_case:nnF { #1 }
   {
    {1}{'de}
    {2}{'de}
    {3}{'te}
    {4}{'te}
    {5}{'te}
    {6}{'da}
    {7}{'de}
    {8}{'de}
    {9}{'da}
    {10}{'da}
    {20}{'de}
    {30}{'da}
    {40}{'da}
    {50}{'de}
    {60}{'da}
    {70}{'de}
    {80}{'de}
    {90}{'da}
    {100}{'de}
    {1000}{'de}
   }
   {
    \turksuf_complex:n { #1 }
   }
 }
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \turksuf_suffix:n { V }

\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_complex:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 10 } = 0 }
   { \turksuf_complex_ten:n { #1 } }
   { \turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 10 } } }
 }

\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_complex_ten:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 100 } = 0 }
   { \turksuf_complex_hundred:n { #1 } }
   { \turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 100 } } }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_complex_hundred:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 1000 } = 0 }
   { \turksuf_complex_thousand:n { #1 } }
   { 'de }%{ \turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 1000 } } }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_complex_thousand:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 10000 } = 0 }
   { \turksuf_complex_tenthousand:n { #1 } }
   { 'de }%{ \turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 10000 } } }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_complex_tenthousand:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 100000 } = 0 }
   { \turksuf_complex_hundredthousand:n { #1 } }
   { 'de }%{ \turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 100000 } } }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_complex_hundredthousand:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 1000000 } = 0 }
   { \turksuf_complex_million:n { #1 } }
   { 'da }%{ \turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 1000000 } } }
 }
\NewDocumentCommand\test{m}
 {
  \int_step_inline:nnnn { 0 } { 1 } { #1 }
   { ##1\turkishsuffix{##1}\par }
 }
\ExplSyntaxOff

\setlength{\parindent}{0pt} % just for the test

\begin{document}
\begin{multicols}{5}
\test{300}
\end{multicols}

\setcounter{figure}{12}
\begin{figure}
\caption{X}\label{A}
\end{figure}
\figurename~\turkishref{A}.

1234\turkishsuffix{1234}\\
1320\turkishsuffix{1320}\\
1330\turkishsuffix{1330}\\
1000\turkishsuffix{1000}\\
1003\turkishsuffix{1003}

\setcounter{section}{1}
\setcounter{subsection}{3}
\subsection{B}\label{B}

Subsection~\turkishref{B}

\end{document}

I show only the last lines with the reference to the figure and the following test cases.

NOTE Support for "composite numbers" has been added. Moreover, one has \turkishref* that calls \ref* instead of \ref (of course hyperref is needed for this to work).

---

Here is a packaged version of the code. Save as turkref.sty in any place searched by TeX programs, for instance in

~/texmf/tex/latex/turkref/

on GNU/Linux systems or

~/Library/texmf/tex/latex/turkref/

for Mac OS X.

\RequirePackage{expl3,xparse}
\ProvidesExplPackage{turkref}{2014/12/11}{0.1}{Turkish suffix for ref}

\@ifpackagelater { expl3 } { 2012/11/21 }
 { }
 {
  \PackageError { turkref } { Support~package~expl3~too~old }
   {
    You~need~to~update~your~installation~of~the~bundles~'l3kernel'~and~
    'l3packages'.\MessageBreak
    Loading~turkref~will~abort!
   }
  \tex_endinput:D
 }

\RequirePackage{refcount}

% User commands
\NewDocumentCommand{\turkishref}{sm}
 {
  \IfBooleanTF{#1}{\ref*{#2}}{\ref{#2}}
  \turksuf_suffix_get:n { #2 }
 }

\NewDocumentCommand{\turkishsuffix}{m}
 {
  \turksuf_suffix:n { #1 }
 }

% Variables
\seq_new:N \l__turksuf_ref_seq
\tl_new:N \l__turksuf_ref_tl

\cs_new_eq:NN \turksuf_getrefnumber:n \getrefnumber

% Functions
\cs_new_protected:Npn \turksuf_suffix_get:n #1
 {
  \seq_set_split:Nnx \l__turksuf_ref_seq { . } { \turksuf_getrefnumber:n { #1 } }
  \seq_pop_right:NN \l__turksuf_ref_seq \l__turksuf_ref_tl
  \turksuf_suffix:V \l__turksuf_ref_tl
 }
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \seq_set_split:Nnn { Nnx }

\cs_new:Npn \turksuf_suffix:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { #1 == 0 } { 'da } { \__turksuf_nonzero:n { #1 } }
 }

\cs_new:Npn \__turksuf_nonzero:n #1
 {
  \int_case:nnF { #1 }
   {
    {1}{'de}
    {2}{'de}
    {3}{'te}
    {4}{'te}
    {5}{'te}
    {6}{'da}
    {7}{'de}
    {8}{'de}
    {9}{'da}
    {10}{'da}
    {20}{'de}
    {30}{'da}
    {40}{'da}
    {50}{'de}
    {60}{'da}
    {70}{'de}
    {80}{'de}
    {90}{'da}
    {100}{'de}
    {1000}{'de}
   }
   {
    \__turksuf_complex:n { #1 }
   }
 }
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \turksuf_suffix:n { V }

\cs_new:Npn \__turksuf_complex:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 10 } = 0 }
   { \__turksuf_complex_ten:n { #1 } }
   { \__turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 10 } } }
 }

\cs_new:Npn \__turksuf_complex_ten:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 100 } = 0 }
   { \__turksuf_complex_hundred:n { #1 } }
   { \__turksuf_nonzero:n { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 100 } } }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \__turksuf_complex_hundred:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 1000 } = 0 }
   { \__turksuf_complex_thousand:n { #1 } }
   { 'de }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \__turksuf_complex_thousand:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 10000 } = 0 }
   { \__turksuf_complex_tenthousand:n { #1 } }
   { 'de }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \__turksuf_complex_tenthousand:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 100000 } = 0 }
   { \__turksuf_complex_hundredthousand:n { #1 } }
   { 'de }
 }
\cs_new:Npn \__turksuf_complex_hundredthousand:n #1
 {
  \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { #1 } { 1000000 } = 0 }
   { \__turksuf_complex_million:n { #1 } }
   { 'da }
 }

Now the test document can be

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[turkish]{babel}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{turkref} % <--- load the package

\ExplSyntaxOn
% Just for testing not needed in real documents
\NewDocumentCommand\test{m}
 {
  \int_step_inline:nnnn { 0 } { 1 } { #1 }
   { ##1\turkishsuffix{##1}\par }
 }
\ExplSyntaxOff

\setlength{\parindent}{0pt} % just for the test

\begin{document}
\begin{multicols}{5}
\test{300}
\end{multicols}

\setcounter{figure}{12}
\begin{figure}
\caption{X}\label{A}
\end{figure}
\figurename~\turkishref{A}.

1234\turkishsuffix{1234}\\
1320\turkishsuffix{1320}\\
1330\turkishsuffix{1330}\\
1000\turkishsuffix{1000}\\
1003\turkishsuffix{1003}

\setcounter{section}{1}
\setcounter{subsection}{3}
\subsection{B}\label{B}

Subsection~\turkishref{B}

\end{document}

Answer 2

This tweaks into the package fmtcount and provides the numeric ordinals for turkish language.

First, save the following code as fc-turkish.tex (for example, the name does not matter). The official name inside the package fmtcount would be different, but I don't want to use the official one since this is not an official file of the package.

\makeatletter
\def\@OT@do#1#2#3#4#5#6#7\@OT@enddo{%
\ifcase0#1 % ~0
  \ifx\relax#2\relax% 0
    \def\@OT@suf{da}%
  \else
    \ifcase#2 % ~00
      \ifx0#3% ~000
        \ifx0#4% ~0000
          \ifx0#5% ~00000
            \ifx0#6% ~000000
              \def\@OT@suf{da}%
            \else % ~x00000
              \def\@OT@suf{de}%
            \fi
          \else % ~x0000
            \def\@OT@suf{de}%
          \fi
        \else % ~x000
          \def\@OT@suf{de}%
        \fi
      \else % ~x00
        \def\@OT@suf{de}%
      \fi
    \or% ~10
      \def\@OT@suf{da}%
    \or% ~20
      \def\@OT@suf{de}%
    \or% ~30
      \def\@OT@suf{da}%
    \or% ~40
      \def\@OT@suf{da}%
    \or% ~50
      \def\@OT@suf{de}%
    \or% ~60
      \def\@OT@suf{da}%
    \or% ~70
      \def\@OT@suf{de}%
    \or% ~80
      \def\@OT@suf{de}%
    \or% ~90
      \def\@OT@suf{da}%
    \fi
  \fi
\or% ~1
  \def\@OT@suf{de}%
\or% ~2
  \def\@OT@suf{de}%
\or% ~3
  \def\@OT@suf{te}%
\or% ~4
  \def\@OT@suf{te}%
\or% ~5
  \def\@OT@suf{te}%
\or% ~6
  \def\@OT@suf{da}%
\or% ~7
  \def\@OT@suf{de}%
\or% ~8
  \def\@OT@suf{de}%
\or% ~9
  \def\@OT@suf{da}%
\fi
}
\def\@OT@rev#1#2\revA#3\revB{%
  \if\relax\detokenize{#2}\relax
    \expandafter\@firstoftwo
  \else
    \expandafter\@secondoftwo
  \fi{#1#3}{\@OT@rev#2\revA#1#3\revB}}
\newcommand{\@ordinalMturkish}[1]{%
  \@orgargctr=#1\relax
  \@ordinalctr=#1%
  \edef\@OT@str{\the\@ordinalctr}%
  \edef\@OT@str{\expandafter\@OT@rev\@OT@str\revA\revB}%
  \expandafter\@OT@do\@OT@str\relax\relax\relax\relax\relax\relax\@OT@enddo
  \the\@orgargctr\fmtord{'\@OT@suf}%
}
\def\ordref#1{%
  \edef\@OD@ref{\csname r@#1\endcsname\relax}%
  \edef\@OD@num{\expandafter\@firstoftwo\@OD@ref}%
  \ifx\@OD@num\relax
    \@orgargctr0%
  \else
    \expandafter\@orgargctr0\@OD@num
  \fi
  \@ordinalMturkish\@orgargctr
}
\let\@ordinalFturkish=\@ordinalMturkish
\makeatother

Then, you can use the package fmtcount with turkish. Test document:

\documentclass[12pt, oneside]{article}
\usepackage[turkish]{babel}
\usepackage[level]{fmtcount}
\input{fc-turkish.tex}
\def\fmtord#1{#1}
\begin{document}

\ttfamily

\section{First}

\section{Hello World!}\label{sec2s}

In \ordref{sec2s} section, there is a test of package functionality:

\raggedright\ttfamily

\ordinal{section}
\loop
\ifnum\value{section}<1000
\refstepcounter{section}
\ordinal{section}
\repeat

\loop
\ifnum\value{section}<100000
\addtocounter{section}{1030}
\ordinal{section}
\repeat

\setcounter{section}{0}

\loop
\ifnum\value{section}<1000000
\addtocounter{section}{100000}
\ordinal{section}
\repeat

\end{document}

I apologize for not commenting the code. I'm actually not sure how I would comment it. Part is taken from fc-english.def and another part is a bunch of tests to get the right suffix. Only a small note: the macro \OT@do is fed the number to be typeset, but written reversed, so the least significant digit is got as #1. The macro \ordref won't work with nested numbers (2 is ok, 2.4 is not).

Answer 3

This is a rookie's approach to the problem (The rookie is me). It doesn't use LaTeX3. It handles more suffix types. I made it into a simple package. It requires packages etoolbox, xparse, xstring, and refcount

Usage notes on package reftr

reftr package replaces \ref command by default. 
If you don't want this behaviour simply comment the last line of the package.
Then you will have to use \reftr command for suffixed cross references.
This package should also work with composite numbers (such as "2.12").

reftr package also defines \trnumdecorator macro for suffixing numbers.

Usage of \ref (or \reftr if not replaced):

To produce only the label number (original \ref behavior):
\ref{(label name)} 

To produce label number with a suffix:
\ref{label name}{suffix}

suffix should be defined as if it was for number "1". Allowed suffixes are:
 - de
 - den
 - e
 - i
 - in

Examples (assuming the figure with label "fig:figure3" is the third figure):

\ref{fig:figure3}       %This will output "3"
\ref{fig:figure3}{de}   %This will output "3'te"
\ref{fig:figure3}{den}  %This will output "3'ten"
\ref{fig:figure3}{e}    %This will output "3'e"
\ref{fig:figure3}{i}    %This will output "3'ü"
\ref{fig:figure3}{in}   %This will output "3'ün"

Errors:

If \ref{}{} comes accross a number that it can't handle it will produce "3'??"
If a wrong suffix is input it will produce "'?unknwnSfx"

\ref{fig:figure3}{ün} %This will output "3'?unknwnSfx"

Usage of \trnumdecorator:

\trnumdecorator{argument-that-ends-with-number}{suffix}

suffix should be defined as if it was for number "1". Allowed suffixes are:
 - de
 - den
 - e
 - i
 - in

The stared version \trnumdecorator* will only produce the suffix

Example:

\trnumdecorator{blabla20}{in}   %This will output "blabla20'nin"
\trnumdecorator*{blabla20}{in}  %This will output "'nin"

Note: \trnumdecorator* is what \ref uses for suffixing numbers

Package Code

Don't be harsh on me, I am a newbie

\ProvidesPackage{reftr}


\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
\RequirePackage{xparse}
\RequirePackage{xstring}
\RequirePackage{refcount}

\csdef{trsuf1de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf2de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf3de}{te}
\csdef{trsuf4de}{te}
\csdef{trsuf5de}{te}
\csdef{trsuf6de}{da}
\csdef{trsuf7de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf8de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf9de}{da}
\csdef{trsuf10de}{da}
\csdef{trsuf20de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf30de}{da}
\csdef{trsuf40de}{ta}
\csdef{trsuf50de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf60de}{ta}
\csdef{trsuf70de}{te}
\csdef{trsuf80de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf90de}{da}
\csdef{trsuf100de}{de}
\csdef{trsuf1000de}{de}

\csdef{trsuf1den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf2den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf3den}{ten}
\csdef{trsuf4den}{ten}
\csdef{trsuf5den}{ten}
\csdef{trsuf6den}{dan}
\csdef{trsuf7den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf8den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf9den}{dan}
\csdef{trsuf10den}{dan}
\csdef{trsuf20den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf30den}{dan}
\csdef{trsuf40den}{tan}
\csdef{trsuf50den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf60den}{tan}
\csdef{trsuf70den}{ten}
\csdef{trsuf80den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf90den}{dan}
\csdef{trsuf100den}{den}
\csdef{trsuf1000den}{den}

\csdef{trsuf1e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf2e}{ye}
\csdef{trsuf3e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf4e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf5e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf6e}{ya}
\csdef{trsuf7e}{ye}
\csdef{trsuf8e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf9e}{a}
\csdef{trsuf10e}{a}
\csdef{trsuf20e}{ye}
\csdef{trsuf30e}{a}
\csdef{trsuf40e}{a}
\csdef{trsuf50e}{ye}
\csdef{trsuf60e}{a}
\csdef{trsuf70e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf80e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf90e}{a}
\csdef{trsuf100e}{e}
\csdef{trsuf1000e}{e}

\csdef{trsuf1i}{i}
\csdef{trsuf2i}{yi}
\csdef{trsuf3i}{ü}
\csdef{trsuf4i}{ü}
\csdef{trsuf5i}{i}
\csdef{trsuf6i}{yı}
\csdef{trsuf7i}{yi}
\csdef{trsuf8i}{i}
\csdef{trsuf9i}{u}
\csdef{trsuf10i}{u}
\csdef{trsuf20i}{yi}
\csdef{trsuf30i}{u}
\csdef{trsuf40i}{ı}
\csdef{trsuf50i}{yi}
\csdef{trsuf60i}{ı}
\csdef{trsuf70i}{i}
\csdef{trsuf80i}{i}
\csdef{trsuf90i}{ı}
\csdef{trsuf100i}{ü}
\csdef{trsuf1000i}{i}

\csdef{trsuf1in}{in}
\csdef{trsuf2in}{nin}
\csdef{trsuf3in}{ün}
\csdef{trsuf4in}{ün}
\csdef{trsuf5in}{in}
\csdef{trsuf6in}{nın}
\csdef{trsuf7in}{nin}
\csdef{trsuf8in}{in}
\csdef{trsuf9in}{un}
\csdef{trsuf10in}{un}
\csdef{trsuf20in}{nin}
\csdef{trsuf30in}{un}
\csdef{trsuf40in}{ın}
\csdef{trsuf50in}{nin}
\csdef{trsuf60in}{ın}
\csdef{trsuf70in}{in}
\csdef{trsuf80in}{in}
\csdef{trsuf90in}{ın}
\csdef{trsuf100in}{ün}
\csdef{trsuf1000in}{in}

\NewDocumentCommand \trnumdecorator {s m m}{%
    \IfBooleanTF {#1}{}{#2}%
    \csdef{rtLstDgt}{?}%    
    \IfEndWith{#2}{1}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{1}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{2}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{2}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{3}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{3}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{4}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{4}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{5}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{5}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{6}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{6}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{7}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{7}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{8}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{8}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{9}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{9}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{10}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{10}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{20}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{20}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{30}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{30}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{40}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{40}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{50}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{50}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{60}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{60}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{70}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{70}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{80}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{80}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{90}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{90}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{00}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{100}}{}%
    \IfEndWith{#2}{000}{\csdef{rtLstDgt}{1000}}{}%
    %\IfEq{\csuse{rtLstDgt}}{?}{'??}{'\csuse{trsuf\csuse{rtLstDgt}#3}}%Comment the line below and uncomment this one if you don't want ?unknwnSfx to be produced
    \IfEq{\csuse{rtLstDgt}}{?}{'??}{'\ifcsdef{trsuf\csuse{rtLstDgt}#3}    {\csuse{trsuf\csuse{rtLstDgt}#3}}{?unknwnSfx}}%       
}%

\let\oldref=\ref %this is added to allow converting \ref into \reftr

\NewDocumentCommand \reftr {m g}{%
    \oldref{#1}%
    \IfNoValueTF{#2}{}{%
        \trnumdecorator*{\getrefnumber{#1}}{#2}%        
    }%
}%

\let\ref=\reftr %this line makes \ref work as \reftr

Answer 4

This is an extension of @egreg's answer leveraging the flexibility of zref (through zref-clever), so that there's no need to use dedicated reference commands. We build a zref property which includes the suffix, and then we can make references like any other ones. (With all the goodies of using standard reference commands).

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[turkish]{babel}
\usepackage{turkref} % by 'egreg': https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/98366/105447

\usepackage{zref-clever}
\zcDeclareLanguage{turkish}
\zcLanguageSetup{turkish}{
  type=section,
    name-sg=Bölüm, % ???
  type=figure,
    name-sg=Şekil, % ???
}

% creating the reference property
\makeatletter
\zref@newprop{turkishref}{%
  \@currentlabel\turkishsuffix{\arabic{\@currentcounter}}}
\zref@addprop{main}{turkishref}
\makeatother

% Set default ref property to turkishref
\zcsetup{ref=turkishref}

\begin{document}

\setcounter{figure}{6}
\begin{figure}
\caption{X}
\zlabel{A}
\end{figure}

\setcounter{section}{1}
\setcounter{subsection}{14}
\subsection{B}
\zlabel{B}

\zcref{A}

\zcref{B}

\end{document}